Speech in Autism Spectrum Disorder
نویسنده
چکیده
Introduction Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), begins in early childhood and is characterized by impairment in two main areas: (1) difficulty with social communication and (2) the presence of repetitive behaviors and/or restricted interests (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). ASD is diagnosed by careful clinical observation of a person’s behavior or by interviewing a parent about a person’s early development. ASD runs in families; ~90% of identical twins of people with ASD and 20% of fraternal twins or nontwin siblings of people with ASD also have diagnoses of ASD (Frietag, 2007), although the inheritance mechanisms are unknown. Many researchers are working to develop objective diagnostic markers such as biological tests or neuroimaging findings (Zwaigenbaum et al., 2013), and
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